Understanding World Happenings in Africa Essay Example for Free

Understanding World Happenings in Africa Essay When Paul Theroux visited Africa during the 1960s, many African countries were forming their own governments after doing away with colonial rule (An Interview, 2007). Paul taught English to children in Uganda and Malawi during that time. But when he returned to Africa almost forty years later, he was shocked as well as disappointed to see that his good old school library, which used to be the core of one of the finest schools in East Africa, had no light bulbs and all of its book shelves had been emptied by plunderers (Theroux, 2003). Doing away with colonial rule was not so good for the African countries after all. Rather, according to Paul, African countries after the colonial rule â€Å"have fared badly, because of poor leadership, lack of resources, the colonial hangover, the subversion of foreign institutions. † Moreover, corruption is rampant, and the African governments rely on the poverty of their peoples to get foreign aid. Someone besides the African people seems to be using the foreign aid, however, seeing as the African people remain poor and needy. What is more, countless African people whom Paul encountered during his second trip to Africa, reported that they would like to move out of Africa altogether (An Interview). Paul describes poverty as such a big problem in Africa that he almost lost his life because of it. In northern Kenya and on the road known as Marsabit, some â€Å"shifta† or wandering bandits shot at the travel writer. They do not want your life, bwana. They want your shoes, Paul explained in his book, Dark Star Safari: Overland From Cairo to Cape Town (Theroux). Did Paul imagine at the time that he would perhaps have been safe if the land of Africa was still under colonial rule? The law and order situation in the Western world – the colonialists and the imperialists of yesteryears – are definitely seen as safer places on our planet, despite the fact that UNDERSTANDING WORLD HAPPENINGS IN AFRICA Page # 2 they have their own share of violence to handle. And yet, the law and order situation in other parts of the world cannot be compared to what is happening in the Western world. In the non-Western world, a lot of countries have remained poor and needy even after doing away with the colonial rule. As a matter of fact, the colonialists were pushed out of many nations in hordes close to mid-twentieth century. What did the countries that pushed out the colonialists achieve in the name of freedom? – Perhaps only the belief that they are basically separate from others. In actuality, the so-called ‘freedom’ and ‘independence’ gained by the African countries, the subcontinent, and other non-Western regions of the world has not be true freedom and independence from heartbreaking problems such as beggary, sickness, and illiteracy (Theroux). While the Western world grew richer through the Internet and globalization, starting from the latter half of the twentieth century, various non-Western regions of the world remained poor and needy without good use of the Internet and globalization. Even Japan and China continued to believe in economic nationalism without feeling the need to make immense profits through globalization. Paul experienced the difference between the Western world and the non-Western world during his second trip to Africa especially through the word, â€Å"safari. † According to the writer, â€Å"safari† is a Swahili world which essentially means ‘incommunicado’ or being completely out of touch. So, if anybody (like Paul) wants to spend time in a place where there are not many (if any) Internet cafes or means to access mobile phones; he or she must be visiting Africa to get away from it all (Theroux). Technology has not made its way into African countries in a big way. Without technology, the African nations have undoubtedly stayed behind UNDERSTANDING WORLD HAPPENINGS IN AFRICA Page # 3 the Western world in terms of their economies and living standards. They have not been able to encounter progress along with the Western nations that are technologically advanced. Thus, the African countries – like many other technologically backward nations in the non-Western world – have failed to develop. These countries are dependent on the Western world for aid. What is more, although the majority of people of such nations have undeveloped minds because of lack of education, the countries as a whole have shown great arrogance in terms of shunning colonial rule and its likes. In Hong Kong, the British government stayed in power almost until the end of the twentieth century. Today, Hong Kong is very advanced. But Africa and the subcontinent are not advanced at all, the reason being that they pushed out the colonialists before the latter could work wonders for the nations they had probably come to occupy for a good reason. America, too, had pushed out colonialists before the African and Asian countries followed. However, America was backed by another Western power at the time of its independence. Hence, its history cannot be compared to the history of the non-Western world. The fact, therefore, remains: Our world has been divided even after the world wars, and would not easily allow developed countries to take over underdeveloped ones in order to solve the problems of the latter. When and if the developed countries do take over, they must encounter hatred and distrust, which eventually pushes them away and out of the undeveloped nations for good. References 1. â€Å"An Interview with Paul Theroux. † (2007). Book Browse. Retrieved from http://www. bookbrowse. com/author_interviews/full/index. cfm? author_number=886. (11 April 2007). 2. Theroux, Paul. (2003). Dark Star Safari: Overland From Cairo to Cape Town. Boston: Houghton Miffin, 2003.

Examining The Leadership And Change Management Of Barclays Bank

Examining The Leadership And Change Management Of Barclays Bank Barclays Bank Europe, America, Africa and Asia is a vast presence, both for individuals and businesses provides a wide range of services.  Barclays has a long history that covers three hundred years, and its head office from London, that this operation fifty countries and 155,000 employees to offer more care. Barclays Bank lends, investment and more than 48 million people around the world for money does. Earliest roots of Barclays 1690, when Thomas Gold and silversmith John Freame Central London working as a bank to go back to start.  Seventy years later, the goldsmith bankers went into a major banking house, and later with nineteen other private banking concerns, the name Barclays and Company Limited, which reserves a set of 182 branches thus a major  £ 26  with funds provided under the Bank joined the million.  Barclays and the company is so often used Quaker Bank; At this point in time, Barclays and company family and religious links with the community was involved. Turn of the twentieth century, Barclays and the company started expanding rapidly, such as Bolithos Bank and United Counties Bank mdlyndz England South West taking a significant banks.  By 1918, Barclays Bank and Company in London South West Bank and Provincial Bank in the UK with one in five largest banks had to be. Barclays Bank of Japan until 1925, the Anglo Egyptian Bank and National Bank of South Africa with the merger had become a truly international organization.  Through a business deal that resulted in major Middle East, Africa and West Indies. Barclays Bank has always been an innovative company.  Barclays in 1966 before serving a UK credit card bank has become.  Next year in this world was the first bank of its users and to provide cash machines by 1972, her first TV ad was trying to become bank.  Barclays Bank UK end of the twentieth first century Tokyo and New York stock exchanges are listed bank shares has become, and it resulted in 2006 in which a high speed currency profits were 50% complete  is being moved outside the UK. Current events Reuters reported that the British government three banks, including Barclays, which over  £ 7 billion may seek 40 billion lbs (69 billion dollars) will admit.  Barclays later confirmed that his government rejected the proposal and instead of 6.5 billion pounds of new capital ( £ 2 billion dividend cancellation and by 4.5 billion pounds from private investors) will bear. In January 2009 according to press reports may need more capital and that the government agreed to fund this can be because it failed to do so by the State of Qatar in the past under investment rules  may have been a third party which shares much in October 2008 ordered compensation for them without receiving more money into Qataris. In March 2009 it was reported in 2008, Barclays insurance this preparation with AIG received billions of dollars, provided by the United States to bail out AIG Fund include 8.5bn $.  12 June 2009, Barclays Global Investors this unit, which includes an exchange of funds business, iShares, 13.5bn $ BlackRock business sold for.  In October 2009 the Standard Life Standard Life Bank Plc Barclays Plc sold.  1 January 2010 completed sales.  11 November 2009, Barclays and First Data, information technology to global trade, according to Barclays, which released the first data and consumer finance departments within the card platform will move is a compromise  .13 February, 2010 Barclays announced that more than 2 billion pounds in bonuses will pay. About leadership Leadership to achieve a desired goal all about harnessing people power and so the idea of leadership for organizational context can not be restricted.  This society through all the realms pervades, whether politics, religion or in corporate. Definition of leadership à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ define leadership as we can: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ â‚ ¬Ã‚   George R. Terry to impress people for the purposes of the Working Group. Live happily. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ â‚ ¬Ã‚   interpersonal then use it and receive special purposes in the direction of guidance through the process of dialogue is the effect.   Robert Tannenbaum. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ â‚ ¬Ã‚   leadership of the affected people to achieve a common goal is to follow them Koontz ODonnell. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ â‚ ¬Ã‚   leadership is a process under which a person influences others praised the success of group or organizations goals by members of the group.   Baron and Greenberg à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ clear definition as above all of Western ideas is concerned.  This is because, with a structured course of study and analysis as a formal sector leadership has been established yet in India because it is in Western countries. Leadership theories Great man theory Great man is the duty of principles including leadership ability that great leaders are born not made.  Their most daring ideas, mythic and leadership needed to increase the fixed bynqab is as great leaders.  The term great man used because, at that time, leadership quality as a man thought about basic military leadership, especially in terms of, was. Logos theory Some ways similar great man theory, theory assumed that symptoms of some features and attributes that lead them to better Validating inheritance.  Symptoms often views a particular personality or behavior by leaders identified common features.  But important features of specific leadership traits, how we who owns these properties but do not utter a leader?  This question led symptoms using theories to explain the difficulties is one.  Many researchers have demonstrated successful leadership traits like leadership, but not always sure they are doing is a place of high honor, sir.  It was observed that more than 100 researchers recorded symptoms such hardly10% 5 or more study is published.  Written test or tests near symptoms by priority to the selection procedure is taken.  This notion is the biggest problem that we led ordinary or global attributes can not. Unexpected ideas Environment, especially that particular style of leadership which best situation is probably better for variables related attraction leadership contingency theories.According to this theory, no leadership style is best in all circumstances.  Variable success of leadership style and followers of various aspects of the situation, including the large number of features depends on.  Unexpected behavior rule is a rule that has no better claim to organize a corporation, to lead a company, or to decide is a kind of way.  Instead, the process maximum course contingent on internal and external situation (depending) is.  Many unexpected approach being developed concurrently in the late 1960s.  He suggested that bureaucracy is as Weber and Taylors management theories in the past failed because they ignored his management style and organizational structure of the environment was affected by different aspects: unexpected element  .  Or organization for leadership there one best way can not.Historically, contingency theory that formal structures are usually associated with, or better able to use different techniques to develop about broad generalizations have tried.  View the work of Joan Woodward (1958), which says that technology directly control period, authority centralization, and formalization of rules and procedures as an organization to determine the different properties began with  . Feedback conditions Circumstances change theories suggest that leaders on the situation the best way of action is selected.  Different style of leadership decision-making for specific types may be more appropriate.  This approach features the specific circumstances or environment is operating more on a guide emphasizes.  Leadership qualities vary from status or circumstances, and that any traits or leadership skills in the right conditions can become a standard. Behavior theories Behavioral theories of leadership is the belief that great leaders made, not born but are based.  Build its leadership in behaviorism theory, not leaders on mental qualities or internal states focuses on the works.  According to this theory, people become leaders through education and monitoring can learn. PARTICIPATIVE views Participative leadership theories suggest that the ideal leadership style one that takes account of other peoples input.  Their leaders by group members encourage and support participation and contribution of members of the group decision-making process more relevant and committed to do.  participative theories, however, the leader retains the right to allow others input Management ideas Management ideas (as well as Transactional theories is said) organization and group supervision focusing on the role of performance.  Rewards and punishment system based on principles of leadership.  Management concepts often used in business and when employees are successful, they are rewarded when they fail, they are reprimanded or punished. Related ideas Related concepts (as well as ideological change is said) establish relations between leaders and followers focus on.  Transformational leaders encourage and help members of the group the importance of encouraging people and seeing more good work.  The leaders of the group members are focused on performance, but also want each person to fulfill his or her potential with the style leader often has high moral and ethical standards. Leadership style Leadership style to provide direction, planning process, and how to inspire people and have vision.  U.S. Army book, 1973 led to identify three ways: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ push aside the dictatorial or Member PARTICIPATIVE à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ or democratic à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ DELEGATIVE or Free State Although good leaders with one of these three styles are used, usually dominate, bad leaders want to stay with a style.  Barclays Bank is using the three leadership styles. Push aside the dictatorial or AUTICRATIC The style used when the leader your employees what he wants and how he wants without the advice of her followers have done is told.  Use some appropriate conditions is that when you all are aware of this problem, youre short on time, and your employees are also encouraged.  Some people run, demeaning language, using and led by threats and abusing their power as a car want to think about this scene.This is not push aside the dictatorial style but for someone abuse, unprofessional style bossing around people called.  A leader has no place in stock. Push aside the dictatorial style usually only be used on rare occasions.  If you have more time and commitment from their employees and want to get excited, you should use the participative style. PARTICIPATIVE or democratic -Style decision-making process of this type (determining what is and how to do) but including one or more employees are leaders. However, the leader maintains final decision making authority.  Use this style is not a sign of weakness, but strength of your employees will respect the signals.  It usually used when you share information, and in other parts of your employees is.  A leader is not expected to know everything thats why you employ staff with knowledge and capable.  The style is of mutual benefit using its employees to become part of the team allows you better and allows you to decide. DELEGATIVE or Free State In addition, non-intervention, interference in the affairs of others is not known.  This style, the leader allows employees to decide. However, MP is still responsible for such decisions are made.  When employees use it to analyze the situation and determine what needs to be done and how it is able to do it.  All you can do anything!  Set your priorities and specific tasks must Representative. To use a lot that you blame others when things can go wrong but a scene is used below when you people be confident and sure style.  One to use it, however, should not be afraid to be effective, it will be used properly!  Here a number of different ways, or to leadership and management style and various mfruzun principles are based.The style that individuals use their beliefs, values and priorities will be based on a combination, as well as organizational culture and norms, which encourage anyone, and will discourage others. In this regard, the following different approach can be classified under the head. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ CHRISMATIC leadership à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ PARTICIPATIVE leadership à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ conditions under à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ TRANSACTIONAL leadership à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ TRANFOMATIONAL leadership à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ a quiet leadership à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Servant leadership Circumstances under which the organization decided to change the IMPLEMNT Organization change in the environment is like to face different challenges Absence of group skills Any organization is the most important skills that will increase its utility is established.Todays changing business environment and who were alive in the changing environment is efficient is.  The manager responsible for a positive change for others and encourage team work that the construction will change.  Not changing the rapid development of the other members easy environment manager accepts the need for change.  He helps them to understand new techniques and procedures.  You get good ideas but very real thing is accepted methods can be translated into these views.Measures the success of any change depends on approval. Lack of enthusiasm and encouragement To maximize movement between employees, managers need to think in terms of flexibility.  Yes, it needs to encourage employees.  Need to encourage employees in a diverse way of awards) ranks.  Manager of the most important goal of capacity development to help their employees and their development work on the various organizational areas provide a variety of learning experiences offered by can do so.1980 primary aspect of this work which various work skills to recognize the importance of work, autonomy, and feedback including Hackman point out One thing that an employees activities and art a number of different skills can use a variety of needs.  This full and identifiable piece of work requires the completion of his life or other peoples work had considerable influence.  If these things work in a person so important, precious and valuable as his or her work will see.  Job autonomy to the owner for work results of my personal responsibility to a sense of duty, and it provides that if a work is the opinion of staff know how effectively he or she will perform  .Encouraging to see from the perspective, these important dimensions shows that received internal awards when an employee shows that he or she is personally any work or they do not care that he has shown good performance on  are.  These conditions is one thing more, grater encourage employee performance and satisfaction and reduce his or her absence or resignation of the features and potential.  High growth with a highly individual experience serious psyc hological states and respond positively when their employment at the basic aspects of development is likely to include people need. Conflict Management A conflict between members of the organization ever arises.  This conflict is not always bad because sometimes good, with team conflict will learn more members, their problems in depth and would also give the most appropriate solution can understand.  Conflicts in the era of globalization teams identify and work success without sacrificing speed successful strategy decided.  But most times conflict results slow down work to success and effectiveness of control strategies will reduce.  An identity that are the root causes of conflict?  Some of these ideas and expectations, lack of information, uncertainty about roles with regard to personal differences are. The following are some points that help to deal with conflict are à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ always work a lot of information. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Facts should primarily focus on. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ more than one alternative should be developed. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Everyone should be a goal. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ decision process is injecting humor. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ resolve issues without forcing consensus. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ maintain a balanced structure of power. Power and politics Power is the ability to control the environment.  If they decide he has power and can work.  If an employee has the right without any instructions can work.  Sometimes very empowering for the organization is very important.  An organization where employees empowered, they observed each other, to correct improper procedures are responsible for, in.  Manager quickly empower your employees are led through.  The decision to increase staff discretion is involved.  Millions of employees work the most important decisions that directly affect their work are.  Activities until very recently they only work part of the manager as seen particularly busy.  Due to empower more employees to those companies who know about the problems are most urgent to need to make decisions.  If organizations successfully competing in a dynamic global economy, they make decisions and change is immediately enforceable.  Increased work demands, managers have to deal with peoples empowerment.  When employees are skilled, knowledge and experiences to their work competently and when they want autonomy and internal locus of control property, it can be beneficial. Rapid changes Organizational change because of changes in internal and external environment are for.  These changes in order for the organization must be flexible to adjust. Diverse workforce Problems faced by another organization organizational goals emulation members work in various organizational efforts are coordinated.  Todays diverse workforce organization gender, race, nationality, age and other characteristics in terms that reflect differences in the more heterogeneous are the property.  Organization requires a large labor force more capacity to meet market demand will be.  Employees do not set their cultural values and lifestyle preferences when it comes to work.  The challenge is for managers, so their organization more different lifestyle, family needs, work style and by addressing different groups of people are accommodating.  Smart managers understand that diversity can be an asset because a companys ideas and problem solving skills is a wide and extra help organizations better understand a diverse customer can. Globalization Management is now forced by national borders.  Globalization is the major importance, and certainly the world has become global village.  All sizes and types worldwide organization manager in the world market is facing challenges to work.Manager of environmental factor like this) ranks due to challenges in the face of doing business.  That, to organize effectively plan, control and should lead cultural differences around the world are successfully managed. General barriers in an organization Organization requires a different kind of talent, but sometimes it happens that the organization has expertise but still not working as it should.  In many cases, the administration is not sensitive to change.  Best use of creative enough potential employees are not put.  The main obstacle is lack of vision to prevent the company to complete use of resources is one.  One to identify problems and potential solutions should be.  If manager for success is the ability to identify opportunities for the development of this will be a barrier.  If creative solutions if administration is not able to identify the long term this will be a problem for the organization.  Another problem that hinders organizational development, not all members are able to deal with the changing environment.  Some rules and values of each organization and its members have to follow the rules and values.  All members would be sensitive to change in this business that change is constant everywhere s hould be the member must change. Effective management Effective management is about: candidates with complete knowledge and create space. To increase productivity , more opportunities should be encouraged. In his current role of the workers to staff growth performance . The best staff performance Increased his wife for. Employee empowerment is very popular term, its growth and change for any organization is important.  Empowering employees for the organization leads to the best results.  Business generally agree that empower employees and increase productivity of the organization and its employees are loyal to the organization. Empowered employees provide better products and services When employees have a right to feel that he is powerful and is more confident.  The trust then leads to better products and services.  Organization for the development and empowerment programs to deal with the changing nature is critical.  Improve its performance and employees are the property of their jobs and products and services for our customers will take delivery.  He is the organization where customer interface is the customer service level. Empowered employees are loyal Whatever situation, more employee business owners, do not like the selection, and training is very expensive.  If employees during organizational change based on organizational development and its commitment to ensure loyalty of employees are right there.  Empowered employees take ownership and pride in their jobs when they know that they needed to exercise independent judge can. Empowered employees are productive When employees feel valued and that they considered their decision and management want to hear their ideas, they work harder to prove yourself right.Organizational development programs to help employees to implement measures included calls for.  And this will increase productivity. Empowered employees create good ideas With every employee got some ideas.  They have different skills can be.  If they share their views and their right to manage development and change management decisions can provide important insight.  He regularly using modern methods can get different products.  Really effective organization development and organization change programs are interested, they acknowledge and reward their employees and give feedback on a regular basis. Empowered employees spread the word Organizational pride if they increased staff development and change program will be strong.  The more empowered employees are more satisfied and more likely that the word is how the company will for others are spread.  We Barclays and Lehman Brothers statement further from unity will discuss. Barclays and Lehman Brothers One Global financial services provider Barclays in 2008 to improve its market to U.S. Lehman Brothers acquired.  Major problems had occurred while the overall Business interruption à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ customers move to other banks at least à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ two different business culture Lehman brothers à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Motivation of staff Agent as a CAHNGE Effective handling of problems The first step to solve this problem is to identify the cause of the problem.  Sometimes the problem with employees by talking common behavior problems such minor or occasional tardiness, etc. There is a problem coaching manager or with the other employees directly between them work to resolve the issue with employees  What is an agreement by which a solution can be.  With this opinion for employees to improve their performance to provide is the responsibility of leaders.  Coaching requires time and patience and his behavior was a result of employees will. Poor performance Sometimes an employees expertise but still he does not perform well.  The reason he is upset or unsystematic can or is reckless.  This one can be removed through proper guidance.  But if lack of expertise because of poor performance by additional training can be corrected. Job incompatibility Sometimes this happens due to poor performance of the employees that work according to their abilities was not found.  Their skills are not synchronized or assigned to work with are not compatible.  This problem can be resolved through additional training or set them different work. Dirty work Whenever you feel some of the mistakes that employee errors, point made and closely monitoring their work.  It still they have made a mistake, talk to them and being careless or because they do not work properly due to or try to find out.  But all this one must be positive and know how important it is that the company should have employees. Create an effective message Consider the needs of everyone in the organization and design according to your message so that they understand what you are saying can.  Employee performance depends more on your message.  An effective message will have a great effect on the performance of employees.  A face to face talks will be more appropriate to accept change and support staff can do. Listen to your employees Change management is vital to employee feedback.  Encourage your employees by e-mail or the Internet can provide information.  Successful management of change communication on the basis of stone.  You and your initial conversation with most employees need to understand their message. Stakeholders involved in the change process Investors and business partners and suppliers This change management process influenced by investors to gain their capital investment, but with the old policy did not get that much benefit.  So to achieve their goals for change management process include. Bank employees Bank staff involved in change management process and against the change process because by the old policy is used to work on. Customer Customers included in the change process and change is in favor because they want immediate results and innovation in the organization, they want this change process to be affected. Government and NGO Government and non-governmental organizations and the way government organizations from more taxes and profit in an organization is not, then how they take more taxes and duties if other obligations expected to have affected.  On the other hand non-governmental organizations ask for help from organizations.  If they are not in a good position with the lot will affect their departments for the betterment of the organization want the process of change. 8 step change model is KOTTER Only constant is change. Heraclitus, Greek philosopher Max was true two thousand years ago, just as is true today.  We in a world where business as usual is changing lives in.  New initiatives, project-based work, technology improvements, ahead to stay competitive these things together as we continue to work for changes to run. Whether you a small change in one or two steps, or a systemwide change an organization are considered, it seems normal anxiety and fear of the scale of challenge. You need to change it, but you are supplying How to not really know about.  Where do I start?  How do you add?  You saw how to end by? How to change there are many ideas are about.  Many leadership and change management guru, John Kotter start with.  Harvard Business School and one of the worlds leading experts Professor of change, Kotter 1995 in his books eight step change process began, Leading Change.  We changed under the leadership of the eight steps to look at. Step One: Create instant To be changed, it helps if the whole company really want to do it.  Need for change around developing a sense of immediate.  These things help you get the initial transmission can spark enthusiasm. It is not only poor people figures show sales or talk about the matter more competitive.  That with the market and your competition is about a honest and open dialogue at ease.  Many proposed changes if you start talking about the immediate construction, and can feed on itself. What you can: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ identify potential hazards, and can be expressed in the future development of the situation. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ testing opportunities, or, should be exploited. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ honest debate started, and dynamic and at ease talking to people and get to thinking of. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ customers, stakeholders and industry people out requested support to strengthen your argument. Two steps: form a powerful alliance Persuade people to change is necessary.  The most strong leadership and key people within your organization expressed by supports.

Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems (OHSMS)

Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems (OHSMS) An Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OHSMS) may be defined as a series of processes which provide a framework, for managing occupational health and safety (OHS) responsibilities so that they become more efficient and more integrated into overall business operations, around which good performance can be established and maintained and which will support the development of a safety culture. (International Labour Organisation (ILO)-British Standards Institution (BSI) Joint-Definition) The main aim of the OHSM is to design measures to control and eliminate the likelihood of hazards in the workplace and promote a safe work environment. 1. Management commitment An effective management addresses all work-related hazards and employees welfare facilities and not only those stipulated by laws. There is a need for management to make the health and safety of workers a priority. It is essential that there be strong management commitment and strong worker participation in the effort to create and maintain a safe and healthy workplace. In each workplace, the lines of responsibility from top to bottom need to be clear, and workers should know who is responsible for different health and safety issues. Management is responsible that the organisation has the appropriate policies, programmes in place to ensure a healthy and safe workplace. Management commitment and employee involvement Charles reese (accident) Management commitment and employee are complementary. Management commitment provides the motivating force and the resources for organizing and controlling activities within an organization. Employee involvement provides the means through which workers develop and/or express their own commitment to safety and health protection, for themselves and for their fellow workers. Safety and health goals and objectives are also included to assist you in establishing workplace goals and objectives that demonstrate your companys commitment to safety. 2. Health and Safety policy It is the responsibility of management to cater for the health and safety of its workforce. Clearly developed and concise policies set the direction for the organisation by communicating managements goals and objectives. A good health and safety policy need to be: 1. Specific to the organisation and appropriate to its size and nature of works; 2. Clearly written so as to educate workers, clients, suppliers and general public about the health and safety policy of the organisation; 3. Specific about the responsibility and accountability of managers and supervisors at all levels; 4. Effectively communicated to all employees; and 5. Reviewed on a regular basis to ensure continuing sustainability. The best health and safety policies align health and safety with human resources management as employees are the key resource of an organization.(HSE Successful Health and Safety Management HS(G) HMSO 1997) The OSH policy should include, as a minimum, the following key principles and objectives to which the organization is committed: 1. protecting the safety and health of all members of the organization by preventing work-related injuries, ill health, diseases and incidents; 2. complying with relevant OSH national laws and regulations, voluntary programmes, collective agreements on OSH and other requirements to which the organization subscribes; 3. ensuring that workers and their representatives are consulted and encouraged to participate actively in all elements of the OSH management system; and 4. continually improving the performance of the OSH management system. (ILO Guidelines on the Occupational Health and Safety Management System 2001) Health promotion in the workplace This complements occupational health and safety measures to improve the well being of workers at the workplace. Workplace wellbeing According to ILO, it relates to all aspects of working life, from the quality and safety of the physical environment, to how workers feel about their work, their working environment, the climate at work and work organisation. Workers well being is directly related to the productivity of the organisation. The higher the workers well being, the higher will be the productivity of the organistion. Safety tasks and responsibilities Health and Safety audit and Performance review Health and Safety audit and performance review are the final steps in the health and safety management. Health and Safety culture In order to develop good health and safety practices, a good health and safety culture is needed at work. Employers need to incorporate health and safety practices in their day to day running of the business. Successful occupational health and safety practices necessitates the collaboration and participation of both employers/owners or management and employees in health and safety programmes, and it involves the consideration of issues relating to occupational medicine, industrial hygiene, toxicology, education, engineering safety, ergonomics, psychology, etc. Both workers and employers have a legal responsibility to look after health and safety at work together. Workers who contribute to health and safety at work, are safer and healthier than those who do not. Building and maintain a health and safety culture involve the use of all available means to increase awareness, knowledge and understanding of the concepts of hazards and risks and how they may be prevented or controlled. The safety culture of an organization is the product of individual and group values, attitudes, perceptions, competencies and patterns of behaviour that determine the commitment to, and the style and proficiency of, an organisations health and safety management. Successful Health and Safety Management by HSE (2nd edition), pg 22 Training for health and safety Training means educating people on what should be done and not, how it should be done and when it should be done. Based on a survey carried out by ILO, workers often experience work-related health problems but do not realize that the problems are related to their work, particularly when an occupational disease, for example, is in the early stages. Hence, there is a need to train workers on safe way to do the job, hazards associated with the work and how to eliminate or control them. It is also important to train workers how to react in case of emergencies, like a fire outbreak. Training on first aid is also important. Training can be conducted at different levels: During induction course for new employees where they can be educated on how to work safely and also about the hazards and risks associated with the jobs, how to eliminate or control them. Training can be organized for management and Supervisors so that they know what are the hazards present in the workplace and this enable them to develop policies to combat these hazards Regular training to existing employees, to update them on new equipment and technologies being used. Health surveillance Health surveillance at work is very important. It is performed to look for early signs of ill health caused by substances and other hazards at work. It includes keeping health records for individuals and may include medical examinations and testing of blood or urine samples, so that corrective action can be taken. Health and Safety Committee Health and safety programs For all of the reasons given above, it is crucial that employers, workers and unions are committed to health and safety and that: workplace hazards are controlled at the source whenever possible; records of any exposure are maintained for many years; both workers and employers are informed about health and safety risks in the workplace; there is an active and effective health and safety committee that includes both workers and management; worker health and safety efforts are ongoing. Charles D. Reese (2001) Accident/Incident Prevention Techniques In order to effectively manage safety and health, a company must pay attention to some critical factors: policy of management regarding health and safety of workers health and safety goals of the company who is responsible for occupational safety and health how are supervisors and employees held accountable for job safety and health? what are the consequences of not following the safety rules are there set procedures for addressing safety and health at the workplace? A written safety and health program is of primary importance in addressing these items.

The Watergate Scandal Essay -- Papers History USA Government Corrupt E

The Watergate Scandal The mistrust most Americans feel toward the government officials and political parities of today can be traced back to the Watergate scandal of 1972, which led to the resignation of an American president. The crimes of the Watergate scandal included political burglary, bribery, extortion, wiretapping (phone tapping), conspiracy, obstruction of justice, destruction of evidence, tax fraud, illegal use of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and the Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI), illegal campaign contributions, and use of taxpayers' money for private purposes. On June 17, 1972, five men were arrested at 2:30 a.m. They were caught trying to "bug" the offices of the Democratic National Committee at the Watergate hotel and office complex in Washington D.C. When the police caught the men, they were in the office of Larry O'Brien. He was chairman of the Democratic National Committee, whose job was to aid political candidates in the Democratic party get elected. In 1972, O'Brien's main priority was to help the Democratic candidate for president, Senator George McGovern. The five men, who were arrested, were identified the next morning by two lawyers as, James W. McCord, Jr., Bernard L. Barker, Frank A. Sturgis, Virgilro R. Gonzalez, and Eugenio R. Martinez. Reporters and politicians were interested in this case because they found out that McCord was a former member of the CIA. Its agents are not permitted to spy on Americans. Not only was he a former member of the CIA, but now he worked for the Committee for the Re-election of the presi dent, or CRP. This Republican group was formed to help President Richard M. Nixon win a second term in office. Referring to G. Gordon Liddy, John M... ...at: "I shall resign presidency effective at noon tomorrow." (What Was Watergate? by: Pamela Kilian ) Gerald Ford was sworn in as president of the United States the next day. Watergate was not just a "third-rate burglary," as Nixon called it. It was much more. It led to many heinous crimes. It contributed many words and phrases to our present-day vocabulary. Because of this scandal, the suffix "-gate" will now be acquainted with every Washington mishap. Because of this scandal people look at government officials differently today than they did before 1970. Bibliography: What Was Watergate by: Pamela Kilian Internet: http://www.chron.com/content/interactive/special/watergate/chronology.html http://www.chron,com/cgi-bin/auth/story/c...t/chronicle/editorial/97/06/20/edit2.html http://www.netspace.net.au/~malcolm/wgate/intro.htm

Urban study :: essays research papers

Tampa’s future, something each resident of Tampa and its sprawl should care about. The Tampa Planning Commission offered a chance to residents to come up with ideas, over looked problems, and solutions to be considered and added to Tampa’s Plan. The planning Commission held five meetings that consisted of the resident â€Å"study circle† and Tampa planners together they hoped to move forward in a progressive and positive way. Session One 10-1-04 Session one was held at New Tampa Library and its topic was â€Å"How is change or the lack of change affecting our community?† I walked into the meeting and immediately I was out of place. In fact I was asked if I was there for the story time across the hall. It was strange to see what I think is the future of Tampa not represented. It was obvious by the story time remark that these people were not expecting my age range to be represented either. Our topic came with a couple of reports for our review and for us to add personal perspective to. The first meeting explained how we were to interact with each other and that it was just a big conversation. The meeting started with introductions, and Tampa was well represented and most people there have lived in more than one part of Tampa. The meeting started with a question to get the conversation started and the Planning Commission members took notes to pull out the major concerns and ideas of what we were saying. The facilitator asked â€Å"Is the character of Tampa’s neighborhoods better than eight years ago?† This got the circle to talk about the individual neighborhoods that make up Tampa. One point realized in examining our neighborhoods is that change is not consistent or even. One problem mentioned was an increase in traffic and its effects on residential areas. Back roads are no longer safe for residents or bikes. One solution to this problem was the widening of I-275. On the other hand, what will this new construction do to one of Tampa’s oldest and most history holding communities of Tampa Heights. The solutions are turning into more effects and impacts . This made me realize that there is still a divide even among one city. Person A who needs to get to his high paying job from far away in sprawl doesn’t care about person B’s semi lower-income neighborhood or the people or history that make it up.

President Noynoy Aquino’s Sona Essay

It’s not easy to make a change, but it’s god that we take even a single step to achieve change. The mainstream of Aquino’s Sona is about the utak wang-wang of the government officials not just in streets but also in government and our economy. He is persistent to end the culture of wang-wang, or I may say his obsession to remove the utak wang-wang in our government. To end the â€Å"wang-wang† culture in the government, there are some of the ways or solutions that our government had achieved. The ratings of hunger has dropped from 20. 5% in March to 15. % this June, as said by the Filipino families who used to be hungry but now can eat properly every day. The upgrade of credit ratings. proper taxation. Solutions for anomalies in Region 4B. From 1. 3 million metric tons of rice storage, it has gone down to 660 000 metric tons as Aquino said â€Å"Ang gusto nating mangyari: Una, hindi tayo aangkat ng hindi kailangan, para lang punan ang bulsa ng mga gusting magsariling-diskarte ng kita sa agrikultura; Ikalawa: Ayaw nating umasa sa pag-angkat, ang isasaing ni Juan dela Cruz ditto ipupunla, ditto aanihin, ditto bibilhin†. He also implemented the pabahay for the policemen and soldiers by awarding 4000 Certificate of Entitlement to Lot Allocation. Also, soon we will have the possibility in upgrading modernization of equipments for our armed forces, this goes to show how far our economy will go with good governance, and we can buy equipments at good prices without having to place envelopes in anyone’s pockets. Walang tayong balak mang-away, pero kailangan ding mabatid ng mundo na handa tayong ipagtanggol ang atin†, our government is now studying the possibility of elevating the case on the West Philippines Sea to the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea. Another is to decrease the incidents of car napping; create jobs for the jobless is somewhat achieved, because it was said that in April 2010 the unemployment rates was 8%, in April 2011 it was at 7. 2%. here is hope, there is always hope indeed because the ambition of the Filipinos is to work abroad but now Filipinos can take their pick, as long as we pursue our dreams with determination and diligence, we can realize them. Another achievement is the law Synchronizing ARMM the national elections. He discussed the issue in PAGCOR who spent 1 billion on coffee alone. The assigned a new Ombudsman and he expect that this year they will fill the first major cases against corrupt and their accomplices. Now the DOJ is fulfilling its role in cases regarding tax evasion, drug trafficking, human trafficking, smuggling, graft and corruption, extrajudicial killings and etc. â€Å"Good governance yields positive results†, our president said, they will ensure that the people’s money is put in rightful place. Aside from what I listed, there are a lot of things that our government has achieved as stated in Aquino’s Sona . Aquino strongly stand that â€Å"May mga nagsasabing pinepersonal ko raw ang paghahabol sa mga tiwali. Totoo po: Personal talaga sa akin ang paggawa ng tama, at ang pagpapanagot sa mga gumagawa ng mali – ino man sila. At hindi lamang dapat ako ang namemersonal sa usaping ito. Personal dapat ito sa ating lahat, dahil bawat Pilipino ay biktima nito. † Truly, corruption affects us all. Corruption is a personal thing to Aquino for everyone should not repeat the mistakes we committed in the past; instead of forgiving those corrupt officials they must face the consequence of their action. It is good to know that our government headed by our president is taking actions to this angst and major dilemma. We heard different allegations of corruption in AFP, Department of agriculture, PCSO, PAGCOR, DPWH, BIR, Bureau of Customs and etc. Corruption is everywhere, from national government to local one’s, making it a number one priority is a good thing or an obsession to totally terminate it. â€Å"Bibigyan natin ang mga maralitang pamilyang ito ng pagkakataong makahaon sa buhay, dahil ang pag-asenso nila ay pag-angat ng bung bansa. † â€Å"Nagtatag ng pagbabago upang mas mapatibay ang pundasyon ng maaliwalas na buhay para sa lahat. â€Å"Mamumuhunan tayo sa taumbayan, habang namumuhunan din sa kalikasan. † Huwag po nating limutin: inasasayang lang ang lahat n gating narrating kung hindi tuluyang maiwawaksi ang kultura ng korupsyon na dinatnan natin. † Those are just some of the words of wisdom and priorities said by Aquino which can be achieved in his term as he promised, thus, making it one of my favorites. â€Å"Kailangan manatiling magkatugma ang ating mga programa, dahil ang ikauunlad ng buong bansa ay manganganak din ng resulta sa inyong pook†. According to him there are laws that the congress has approved such as GOCC governance, ARMM synchronization, Lifeline Electricity Rates Extension, Joint congressional power commission extension, children and infant’s mandatory immunization and women night workers. He also promised that they will deliver to the congress their budget proposal for 2012 and is looking forward to its early passage so that they can build on our current momentum. To sum it all up, here are the topics that had been tackled in Aquino’s 2nd Sona . He vows to end the culture of wang-wang; he aims that our country will have a cheaper, more reliable source of energy; more honest DPWH; no more over-importation of rice; better benefits for police and military; better implementation of anti-traficking in persons act; employment; good health programs for the poor; law synchronizing ARMM with national elections; solution to flood problems; development of prototype monorail system for our country; he calls private sectors to pay proper taxes; he said that â€Å"Spartly islands are ours and the government will defend the country’s territory and sovereignty†; his administration is ready to submit the national budger to congress; he appoints the new Ombudsman; lastly, he asks the Filipinos to stop crab mentality, as he verbalized â€Å"let us make the effort to recognize the good that is being done. If you see something right, do not think twice, praise it. † There is a praise that strucked me: â€Å"Bago ka umuwi galling sa eskuwela, lapitan mo ang guro mong piniling mamuhunan sa iyong kinabukasan kaysa unahin ang sariling ginhawa, sabihin mo, salamat po. † As a student teacher, these made my heart warm; I was somewhat astonished that our president recognized the teachers who are working hard in imparting knowledge and values to the students despite of the small salary. As a student teacher I will take this as an inspiration, to be a great teacher someday. For me, I do believe that we already made a change. With an honest and rightful government, it is possible, with the government headed by our president’s way of making a right path or tuwid na landas. It’s only been a year since Aquino stepped into the position of presidency, but as we can see there are changes, good changes. I know this is just a beginning; there are many things for all of us. Yes, we do still have five years left to make a change and progress in all aspects of our economy, but one thing we must know, change and progress should come from ourselves, change over wrongdoings then impart the good ones to be better and have a great and better life someday.

Is the Use of Tasers a Necessity

Name Essay Course Teacher Date Tasers: A Necessity In a society where crime exists such as robbers, burglars, shoplifters, or worse, black market sellers of drugs, electronic devices or designer products. Law enforcement is needed to maintain order which requires a method that is effective to apprehend suspects while keeping injuries to a minimum instead of using guns to solve every situation. Luckily the adoption of Tasers – by industry standards as electronic controlled device (ECD) or Conducted Energy Weapon (CEW) – allows the law enforcement to apprehend a suspect without having to involve themselves in a close-range combative battle.Charlie Mesloh, a university professor at Florida Gulf Coast, Mark Henych, a researcher at Advanced Research Solutions, and Ross Wolf, a criminal justice professor at the University of Central Florida claim that the Tasers is a less-lethal weapon that inflicts a current of electricity throughout the body of the individual which temporar ily causes the loss of muscle control (25). TASER International, the inventors of ECD claims this as Neuromuscular Incapacitation (NMI) (1).TASER International asserts, â€Å"[t]he human nervous system communicates with simple electrical impulses . . . TASER technology uses similar electrical impulses to cause stimulation of the sensory and motor nerves† (1). Though there are many controversies on the use of Tasers in BC, it is still a much needed device to keep the community safe. Tasers has been shunned upon by many people in British Columbia because of the story’s circulating around and all the news reports on this tiny device.The most famous and memorable story would be the incident that happened at the Vancouver International Airport to Robert Dziekanski. CBC news reports that the video is in three segments, the first segment shows Dziekanski before police arrives being very agitated and yelling in Polish and seems to be very nervous, the second segment shows Dzie kanski picking up a computer then throwing it to the ground, then â€Å"[t]hree airport personnel arrive and block the exit from the secure area, but Dziekanski retreats inside and does not threaten them† (#).The third and final segment shows four RCMP officers arriving on scene and â€Å"can be heard mentioning the word Tasers† (#). Someone can also be heard responding â€Å"Yes† to the question (#). Police have said repeatedly that there were only three RCMP officers involved in the incident, but the video shows four men in RCMP uniforms. People in the lounge can be heard clearly telling the police Dziekanski speaks no English, only Russian. His mother later said he only spoke Polish. Police enter the secure area with no problems and an be seen with Dziekanski standing calmly talking with officers. They appear to direct him to stand against a wall, which he does. As he is standing there, one of the officers shoots him with a Taser . . . officers have also said police did not use pepper spray because of the large number of people at the airport at the time. But the video shows Dziekanski standing alone with the four officers in an otherwise empty area, which is separated from the public area by a thick glass wall. (CBC #)After the Taser shots, the sound from Dziekanski stopped and became silent, an officer can be heard saying, â€Å"code red† after checking on his condition and â€Å"minutes later, ambulance attendants arrived but their efforts to revive Dziekanski were unsuccessful and he was declared dead† (#). There are also other incidents that has happened in the past few years and there are definitely cases of misuse with this device which brings about the misconception people get from Tasers, but even though some tragic events happen, it is still one of the safest alternative to bring a healthy environment to everyone.There are people who strongly believe Tasers should be banned, however, banning Tasers will only resu lt in more injuries during arrests. David Hambling, a respected free lance writer on technology and military states, â€Å"[a] recent study in the American Journal of Public Health looked at 24, 000 cases in which police officers had used force, including Tasers, pepper spray, batons and manual methods . . . the study found that Taser use reduced the overall risk of injury by 65 percent.In other words, restricting Taser use could triple the number of injuries caused in this sort of incident† (1). Misconceptions on the use of Taser led to a comment by a person who goes by the name â€Å"the disturber† on CBC news website, he says, â€Å"what's wrong with people when they [start] using devices that can pump out over 1500 volts for self defence that's just not cool. [D]oesn't any one remember the guy who got [tasered] 5 times at the air port because he wasn't â€Å"co-operating† with the security; wasn't he killed because of the shock? I] think that they should be banned from use for a less [lethal] item like pepper spray† (#). Pepper sprays can not be used in closed areas because it will effect innocent bystanders, also, as Jim Wilkinson, the Vice President of the site Your Greatest Protection declares, â€Å"[pepper spray] works longer than Tasers or stun guns, it will cause coughing and choking, and it burns really bad . . . [s]tun guns work by disabling the nervous and the muscular system but only for a few moments. Pepper spray works by causing pain, blindness, and choking for up to 30 minutes† (1).Tasers only neutralize the suspect for several seconds which allows police to seize the suspect in that time and wouldn't cause the suspect to suffocate for â€Å"30 minutes. † Additionally, there are also many cases where the misuse of pepper spray also caused deaths. Just one mistake with the Taser will bring many people to disagree with the product, but if Taser were really banned, the law enforcement will be forced to use close-range strategies or guns just like in the video Back From The Brink, where Suisun City had to use 52% of the police budget to try and handle the problems in the crime-ridden crescent (video).Any sort of weapons can result in injuries if not used properly, Tasers included, but if used effectively, it will be the best weapon out there to safely neutralize a suspect and bringing a safe community. The incidents revolving around Tasers has angered the general public and as a result, the RCMP invoked strict new rules and training effective May of 2010. The Tasers operational manual provided by the RCMP states, â€Å"[m]embers certified to use the CEW must re-certify annually . . . m]embers whose CEW certification has lapsed must not use the CEW operationally until the re-certification training has been completed† (1). Every part of the Taser is also approved by the RCMP before being released in public. RCMP members must verbally let the subject know the CEW is about to be deployed (3). Additionally, whenever a member takes a CEW it must be thoroughly checked for damages, if no damages are found, a spark test will be conducted, if damages were found, it will be removed with haste and sent to qualified personnel’s (4).Any time the CEW is used it will be recorded down and supervisors will be notified (4). Many strict rules were set in motion to ensure the safety of the user and the subject as well as strict training methods to make the misuse of this product nonexistent. The operational manual also educates that â€Å"[m]ultiple deployment or continuous cycling of the CEW may be hazardous to a subject. Unless situational factors dictate otherwise, members must not cycle the CEW for more than 5 seconds on a subject and will avoid multiple deployments† (3).These new rules and regulations allow for members to thoroughly know the Tasers and assures the correct methods of use is performed. Tasers has been a very controversial device throughout Canada, especially when RCMP officers handle them. The major issue surrounding Tasers is that the citizens feel Tasers is a form of torture while others feel it is a necessary device to keep the community safe.Tasers could be lethal if used the wrong way, but even then Tasers will still be much safer compared to a gun as well as more incapacitating than the pepper spray, also would not cause suffocation to the suspect at hand. If Tasers were taken away, it will only result in more injuries given to the suspect or the officer. When an officer uses the Taser, they must show that their actions were reasonable and just, but good training, as always, is the key to effective use of Taser and to keep our neighborhood friendly. (1446 words)